Heat Transfer – An Engineering Approach

Within the field of thermal engineering, heat transfer addresses the creation, utilization, transformation, and interchange of thermal energy, or heat, amongst physical systems. Different mechanisms, including thermal conduction, thermal convection, thermal radiation, and energy transmission via phase changes, are categorized as heat transfer processes. To accomplish heat transfer, engineers also take into account the transfer of mass between different chemical species (mass transfer via advection), which can be either cold or hot. Despite having different features, these mechanisms frequently happen at the same time in the same system.

The direct microscopic exchange of kinetic energy of particles (like molecules) or quasiparticles (like lattice waves) across the border between two systems is known as heat conduction, also known as diffusion. When a thing is not at the same temperature as another body or its surroundings, heat moves in the opposite direction until the body and its surroundings establish thermal equilibrium. The second rule of thermodynamics states that such spontaneous heat transfer always takes place from one area of high temperature to another area of lower temperature.

When a fluid (gas or liquid) moves in bulk, heat convection happens because the fluid is carrying heat through it. Every convective process transfers heat in part through diffusion as well. Fluid flow can be compelled by external factors or, in the case of gravitational fields, by buoyant forces resulting from the expansion of fluid due to thermal energy, as in the case of a fire plume, which affects the fluid’s own transmission. “Natural convection” is a common term for the latter process. A common term for the former approach is “forced convection.” In this instance, a pump, fan, or other mechanical device is used to compel the fluid to flow.

Thermal radiation occurs through a vacuum or any transparent medium (solid or fluid or gas). It is the transfer of energy by means of photons or electromagnetic waves governed by the same laws

In this course student will be able to learn

1. Introduction to Heat Transfer

         – Modes of Heat Transfer

         – Laws governing Modes of Heat Transfer

2. Conduction

         – General Heat Conduction Equation in Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical Co-ordinates

         – One dimensional steady state heat conduction

         – Fins

         – Transient Heat Conduction

3. Convection

         – Dimensional Analysis

         – Boundary Layer Concepts

         – Natural or Free Convection

         – Forced Convection

4. Radiation

        – Laws of Radiation

        – Shape Factor

        – Radiation Shields

        – Electrical Analogy for Radiation Networks

5. Heat Exchangers

        – Types of Heat Exchangers

        – LMTD Analysis

        – NTU Analysis

6. Boiling and Condensation

        – Boiling Regimes

        – Film and Drop wise condensation

After enrolling to the course students will have a better conceptual understanding and also they get greater exposure to wide range of problems.

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